Servomotor : What is a Servomotor and How it Works ?

Servomotor is type of electric motors of various types with a servo-controller which consists of a servo amplifier for precise movement, velocity or position control. Servomotor usually kept in a closed loop. We use Servomotor where precise control by programs or by mechanical methods..

What is a Servomotor ?

For accurately detecting the rotor position of each servomotor, it is provided with a measuring device, which detects the current position (for example, the angle of rotation covered in relation to a starting position) which determines the movement of the motor. This is measured through an encoder, for example, a resolver or an incremental encoder or an absolute encoder. The electronic control system compares the signal from this sensor to a predetermined position set point. If a difference is found, the motor is rotated in the direction that ensures to get the setpoint. This leads to the fact that the deviation decreases. The procedure is repeated until the current value incrementally limits or done via approximation within the tolerance limits of the setpoint. This is the simplest case, of position control. Alternatively, this principle can also be applied for producing torque and speed can be controlled. Thus, for example uniform motion profiles is possible with fluctuating loads. In synchronous or asynchronous mode, it is usually below the position of speed controller.

Usage of Servomotor

Servomotor have a variety of application. They are widely used in industrial plants and also in various machines, such as machine tools, packaging machinery or industrial robots.
Servomotors are also found in servos, such as those used in modeling in remotely operated vehicle, aircraft or ship. In a servo, however, other types of motors can be installed.

For connection and for the integration process with computer peripherals, servomotors are available in modules with fieldbus interface. They are intended to act as compact drives for automation. Such Servomotor with power outputs from 40 to 500 W are available.